Yes, the Zaanse Schans is accessible by public transport. You can travel to the Zaanse Schans quickly and comfortably by public transport.  

From Amsterdam Central Station, bus line 800/801 runs daily (from 1^st of July) and will take you to the Zaanse Schans, leaving every 15 minutes. Travelling by trien? The nearest train station is Zaandijk Zaanse Schans. You can reach this station by local train from Amsterdam Central Station in 17 minutes. You can then walk to the Zaanse Schans in 15 minutes.